If our culture lies at the basis of non-sustainable practices, it is important to uncover what elements of that culture contribute to this situation. This chapter explores this issue through a close examination of consumption and the resulting consumer culture, and the debates that have swirled around it, including the controversial "McDonaldization of Society" thesis. It goes on to examine other aspects of contemporary culture including violence, the media, religious fundamentalism, and problems of food and resource security. By identifying the core reasons for and characteristics of a non-sustainable culture, the stage is set for a look at solutions and alternative possibilities.