Bühler's book Outline of the Mental Development of the Child [1], which we bring to the attention of the reader in Russian translation, combines two merits that one seldom finds together in a single book: a genuine scientific approach and an account that is truly simple and concise. This makes it easily understood and equally interesting for pedagogues, students of child psychology, and expert psychologists. Its completeness, the systematic inclusion of all aspects of the psychological development of the child, the wealth of factual material and the theoretical constructions and hypotheses distinguish this book, which is rich in content and laconic in form. In general, it is obviously the best of all modern books on child psychology, books that are meant for the broad public and primarily for educators and parents. This was the reason we undertook the translation of this interesting Outline.